Ukufuna uZinzo:Imithombo emitsha yePaclitaxel

I-Paclitaxel isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ichiza lonyango lomhlaza, elivela kwi-Pacific yew tree (i-Taxus brevifolia) .Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokukhutshwa kulo mthi ibangele impembelelo engabonakaliyo yokusingqongileyo, ibangela ukuba izazinzulu zifune imithombo ezinzileyo ngakumbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango. Eli nqaku liphonononga imvelaphi ye-paclitaxel, iindlela ezizezinye, kunye nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.

Paclitaxellichiza elisebenzayo lokulwa nomhlaza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, kubandakanywa umhlaza wesibeleko, umhlaza wamabele, kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongeyonxalenye encinci. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yangaphambili yokutsalwa yayixhomekeke ekuvuneni amaxolo kunye namagqabi omthi wePasifiki weyew, okhokelela ekuvuneni. ukuncipha okumandla kwabemi bale mithi. Oku kuphakamisa inkxalabo yokusingqongileyo, njengoko le mithi ikhula ngokucothayo kwaye ingakulungeli kakuhle ukuvunwa okukhulu.

Ukujongana nalo mba, oosonzululwazi bebesoloko befuna eminye imithombo kunye neendlela zokufumana i-paclitaxel. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezizezinye eziphantsi kophononongo:

I-1.Taxus yunnanensis:Lo mthi we-yew, ovela e-China, ukwaqulethe i-paclitaxel.Abaphandi baye bahlola ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukhupha i-paclitaxel kwi-Taxus yunnanensis, enokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumthi we-Pacific yew.

2.I-Chemical Synthesis: Iingcali zenzululwazi beziphanda iindlela zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali i-paclitaxel.Ngelixa le yindlela esebenzayo, ihlala ibandakanya amanyathelo antsonkothileyo e-organic synthesis kwaye iyabiza.

I-3.I-Fermentation: Ukusebenzisa i-microbial fermentation ukuvelisa i-paclitaxel yenye indawo yophando.Le ndlela inesithembiso sokunciphisa ukuthembela ekutsalweni kwezityalo.

4.Ezinye Izityalo: Ukongeza kwiPacific yew kunye neTaxus yunnanensis, ezinye izityalo ziyaphononongwa ukuze ziqinisekise ukuba i-paclitaxel inokukhutshwa kuzo.

Ngelixa ukukhangela imithombo ezinzileyo ye-paclitaxel iyaqhubeka, ibambe ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo.Inokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-Pacific yew tree population, khusela indalo esingqongileyo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba izigulane ziyaqhubeka nokuxhamla kweli chiza elibalulekileyo le-anticancer.Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na entsha indlela yokuvelisa kufuneka ijongwe ngokungqongqo ngokwenzululwazi kunye nophononongo lolawulo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwechiza.

Ukuqukumbela, ukufuna imithombo ezinzileyo yepaclitaxelyindawo yophando ebalulekileyo ekwaziyo ukuqhuba uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunyango lomhlaza ngelixa igcina indawo yendalo.Uphando lwenzululwazi lwexesha elizayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kuya kuqhubeka nokusinika iindlela ezizezinye zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango.